Voters in eight states approved ballot measures Tuesday tightening voting requirements, while three other measures failed.

Prohibitions on noncitizens voting were approved handily in Alaska(opens ballotpedia.org in a new tab), Arkansas(opens ballotpedia.org in a new tab), Kansas(opens ballotpedia.org in a new tab), South Dakota(opens ballotpedia.org in a new tab) and West Virginia(opens ballotpedia.org in a new tab), where support nearly reached 80%. All but Alaska’s were constitutional amendments.

None of those states currently allow noncitizens to vote, and research has shown (opens brookings.edu in a new tab) that noncitizen voting is exceedingly rare. But supporters said it would further secure elections.

West Virginia Sen. Patricia Rucker, a naturalized citizen from Venezuela who sponsored the resolution that put the constitutional amendment on the ballot, said it was important to enshrine that requirement in the constitution.

“We are agreeing that it does matter that you are a U.S. citizen, that you do have allegiance to this country,” the Republican said in an interview Wednesday.

Voter ID constitutional amendments passed Tuesday in Nevada (opens ballotpedia.org in a new tab), North Carolina (opens ballotpedia.org in a new tab) and Ohio (opens ballotpedia.org in a new tab). Oklahoma(opens ballotpedia.org in a new tab) voters passed a voter ID constitutional amendment in August.

Outgoing Ohio Secretary of State Frank LaRose, a Republican, called the vote “a win for election integrity.” Ohio’s vote enshrines an existing voter ID law in the state constitution.

Read more: Constitutional photo ID requirement sails to victory

Arizona(opens ballotpedia.org in a new tab) and California(opens ballotpedia.org in a new tab) voters rejected constitutional amendments that blended noncitizen voting and voter ID.

“California voters saw it for what it was, which was an attempt to disenfranchise voters in this state,” David Trujillo, executive director of ACLU California Action, told(opens calmatters.org in a new tab) CalMatters.

Voters also rejected a Colorado(opens ballotpedia.org in a new tab) ballot measure that would have required a voter ID number for mail-in ballots. Colorado is one of eight states (opens ncsl.org in a new tab) that hold all-mail elections.

Tuesday’s results extended a multi-year winning streak for proponents of state bans on noncitizen voting, which federal elections already prohibit. U.S. citizenship is also required to vote in state elections, although not all state constitutions make that explicit.

Some localities in California, Maryland, and Vermont, as well as Washington, D.C., allow noncitizens to vote in local elections. Chicago’s local school council elections also allow noncitizens to vote.

For several years, the group Americans for Citizen Voting(opens onlycitizens.vote in a new tab) has backed state constitutional amendments to explicitly limit voting to U.S. citizens in all elections.

“Today’s election was about a lot of issues for a lot of people, but Citizen Only Voting was a consistent winner across the country regardless of what else or who else was on the ballot,” Paul Jacob, chairman of Americans for Citizen Voting, said in a statement(opens onlycitizens.vote in a new tab).

Tuesday’s results bring the number of states that have approved noncitizen voting bans since 2018 to 20, according to (opens ballotpedia.org in a new tab) Ballotpedia. Most passed by wide margins.

Ballotpedia’s tracking found that nine measures have been passed since 1991 that allow or expand noncitizen voting in local elections.

President Donald Trump has long alleged that noncitizen voting is a problem. In the lead-up to the midterm elections, the Department of Justice unsuccessfully sought to set aside ballots from more than 20,000 California voters on the grounds that they might be noncitizens.

California Attorney General Rob Bonta, a Democrat who won re-election Tuesday, called the claims “baseless.”